Editing Velocette

[[Image:Velocette.jpg|350px|Velocette Classic Bikes]]
[[Image:1921-Velocette-D2.jpg|thumb|1921 Velocette D2]]
[[Image:1947-Velocette-KTT-Mark-8.jpg|thumb|1947 Velocette KTT Mark 8]]
[[Image:1960-Velocette-LE-Mark-3.jpg|thumb|1960 Velocette LE Mark 3]]
[[Image:1925-Velocette-Model-K.jpg|thumb|1925 Velocette Model K]]
[[Image:1954-Velocette-MSS.jpg|thumb|1954 Velocette MSS]]
[[Image:1967-Velocette-Thruxton-Venom.jpg|thumb|1967 Velocette Thruxton Venom]]

'''Velocette''' is the name given to [[motorcycle]]s that were made by Veloce Ltd, in Hall Green, Birmingham, England. 

One of several motorcycle manufacturers in Birmingham, Velocette was a small, family-owned firm, selling far fewer hand-built motorcycles than the giant [[BSA]], [[Norton]] or [[Triumph]] concerns. Renowned for the quality of its products, the company was 'always in the picture' in international motorcycle racing, from the mid-1920s through the 1950s, culminating in two world championship titles (1949–1950 350 cc) and its legendary and still-unbeaten 24 hours at 100 mph (161 km/h) record. Veloce, while small, was a great technical innovator and many of its patented designs are commonplace on motorcycles today, including the positive-stop foot shift and swinging arm rear suspension with hydraulic dampers


== History ==


The company was founded by John Taylor (born Johannes Gütgemann and later known as John Goodman), and William Gue as "Taylor, Gue Ltd." in 1905. Their first motorcycle was the Veloce. Later that year, John Taylor set up Veloce Limited, to produce cycles and related products and services. Veloce Ltd initially produced four-stroke motorcycles. The first [[two-stroke|two-stroke]], built in 1913, was called a Velocette. This name was used for all of their subsequent models.


== Velocette two-strokes ==


Between 1913 and 1925, Veloce only produced expensive, high-quality two-stroke motorcycles of (nominally) 250 cc, which gained an excellent reputation, and which they entered in competitions, such as the Isle of Man TT, with some success. The single-cylinder machines had many advanced features, such as a throttle-controlled oil pump, which set them apart from other manufacturers' products. The factory gradually developed this machine from the 'A' series and variants (A, AC2 - coil ignition, two-speed gearbox, AC3 - three speed gearbox, etc.), then the 'H' series, the model U and variants, culminating in the model GTP in 1930, which was produced until 1946. The GTP was an elegant, reliable lightweight motorcycle with charming steering and reasonable power delivery.


== Velocette 'K' series ==


In the early 1920s, Veloce realized that in order to grow as a company, they needed a new machine of advanced specification. They made a bold move to produce an overhead camshaft (OHC) 350cc engine, which became known as the 'K' series, introduced in 1925. After a year of teething troubles with this new design, Veloce entered their model K into racing events such as the Isle of Man TT and [[Brooklands|Brooklands]] races, and the reliability and sweet running qualities of their new engine led to a long string of racing successes. The roadster models developed from this initial model K were the KSS (super sports), KTS (touring sports), KTP (twin exhaust ports), KN (normal), and a few more obscure variations. The OHC engine series continued for roadsters until 1948, when the final KSS versions were produced, with rigid frames and Dowty air sprung telescopic forks. Their skills with setting accurate valve timing was due to their pioneering work with stroboscopic lamps. The 'K' series showed an excellent turn of speed and reliability, and soon the factory developed specialized racing models to introduce their new OHC machine to the world.


== Velocette 'M' series ==


In 1933, the company decided to introduce a new line of overhead valve (OHV) machines, in order to cut production costs and make a more affordable motorcycle. The K series was expensive to produce, requiring selective hand assembly of the shaft-and-bevel camshaft drive; it was determined that a simpler OHV design would be quicker to build and require less skilled labour to assemble. The first of these new machines was the MOV, using a 250cc engine of 'square' dimensions (68 mm bore x 68 mm stroke). It was an immediate sales success, having lively performance for the time (78 mph), and proved a reliable machine with excellent road manners. From this machine, by lengthening the stroke of the crankshaft, the MAC 350cc was introduced in 1934. It proved even more popular than the MOV, and became a real money spinner for the company, bringing much needed capital into the firm. In 1935 an entirely new machine was introduced, based on the two previous OHV models, the MSS of 500cc. A new, heavier frame was utilized with the intention that the machine could serve as a sidecar hauler. This new frame was developed from the mk V KTT racing machine, and was shared with the KSS MKII of 1936-48. The MSS also proved very popular and profitable for Veloce.


= Post war ==


After the Second World War, the company sought to capture what it saw as a developing need for personal transport, and they created (with the help of Phil Irving of Vincent fame) the model LE. This was a 192cc watercooled flat twin with side-valves, a pressed steel frame, and telescopic forks and swingarm. It was sophisticated and expensive, a consistent trait with all Velocettes. Unfortunately it proved less successful than the firm had anticipated, although it became Veloce's best selling model ever, the massive tooling costs for this all-new machine were barely recouped. It did see widespread adoption by British police forces for urban patrol. At the time Metropolitan Police Officers on foot patrol were required to salute Sergeants and Inspectors. With the introduction of the Velocette LE, this became dangerous, requiring the officer to take his hand from the handle bars, and so the rider was to allowed to show his respect with a smart inclination of his head, or to put it another way, give a smart nod. The riders became known as Noddy's, and the bikes became known as 'the Noddy Bike'. Another soubriquet was "Whispering Willie", referring to the LE's quietness allowing a "Bobby" to sneak up on miscreants.


== 1950s ==


In 1950 Velocette were the World 350cc champions. The LE Mk II of 200cc appears. The MAC uses a Velocette designed telescopic front fork. Over 1952-1953 The MAC gets a redesigned engine, a swinging arm rear suspension and a dual seat. In 1954 the 500 cc MSS reappears, like the MAC but with a new engine. Scrambler and US variants of the MSS started production in 1955. Two sports models - the 500 cc Venom and 350 cc Viper and a 200 cc air cooled flat-twin sports model Valiant were announced in 1956. The LE Mk III appears with four-speed foot change and kick starter. Over 1958/59 Fairings appear for all models.


== 1960s ==


In 1960 Velocette introduced the Viceroy, a very unusual 250 cc opposed twin two-stroke scooter. Unique to the Viceroy was the front mounted twin cylinder engine, and the gas tank mounted under the front leg shield. The engine itself was extremely compact, and connected to the rear-mounted clutch and transmission via a drive shaft from the engine-mounted flywheel. With electric start, 12 volt electrics, a very low centre of gravity, power over 15 hp and a reported comfortable cruising speed of 65mph (105 km/h), performance, handling, and features of the Viceroy were first class. Unfortunately the scooter came as market forces and rider preferences were changing, and the Viceroy was not a sales success.


== 1961 Velocette Viceroy ==


The late 1960s were the last years of production for Velocette motorcycles, production for Viper and Vogue ending in 1968, "Special", Scrambler and Endurance in 1969, and MSS Venom and Thruxton in 1970. Veloce Ltd. closed in February 1971.



==Velocette GTP==
[[Image:1934 Velocette GTP.jpg|right|thumb|1934 Velocette GTP]]
The GTP was one of the better designed [[two strokes]], with innovative features such as pressure oil injection controlled by the throttle like on modern machines.  The comparable two-strokes of the day required pre-mixed gasoline with oil.  Another feature was the coil ignition, usually only used on automobiles.  Noted for their smooth running and excellent steering, they were produced from 1929 to 1940 virtually unchanged.

==Velocette LE==
[[Image:1960 Velocetee LE.jpg|left|thumb|1960 Velocetee LE]]
This unique and unconventional machine was widely used by over 50 police departments in England;  its uncanny silence enabled the "Bobby" to patrol back streets and alleys at night without disturbing residents.  The angular styling was not popular with the buying public and sales decreased until production stopped in 1970, when Velocette closed their doors.

==Models==
*[[Velocette MSS|MSS]]
*[[Velocette GTP|GTP]]
*[[Velocette LE|LE]]
*[[Velocette Thruxton|Thruxton]]
*[[Velocette KTT|KTT]]
*[[Velocette D2|D2]]
*[[Velocette Model K|Model K]]
[[Category:Motorcycle manufacturers]]
[[Category:English motorcycles]]