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{{Motorcycle | {{Infobox Motorcycle | ||
|name = | |name = | ||
| | |image = [[Image:Hildebrand-Wolfmuller 1894.jpg|220px]] | ||
|aka = | |aka = | ||
|manufacturer = Hildebrand & Wolfmüller | |manufacturer = Hildebrand & Wolfmüller | ||
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|frame = Steel tubular | |frame = Steel tubular | ||
|suspension = | |suspension = | ||
|brakes = spoon brake, | |brakes = spoon brake, friction against front tire | ||
|tires = pneumatic, front {{convert|26|in|cm|abbr=on}}, rear {{convert|22|in|cm|abbr=on}}<ref name=Page1924>{{Citation | |tires = pneumatic, front {{convert|26|in|cm|abbr=on}}, rear {{convert|22|in|cm|abbr=on}}<ref name=Page1924>{{Citation | ||
|last= Pagé |first=Victor Wilfred |title=Early Motorcycles: Construction, Operation and Repair | |last= Pagé |first=Victor Wilfred |title=Early Motorcycles: Construction, Operation and Repair | ||
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The Hildebrand & Wolfmüller is credited as the world first because other possible claimants tend to be based on a bicycle chassis (e.g. de Dion-Bouton and Orient Aster,<ref>[http://www.khulsey.com/motorcycles/vintage_motorcycle_marsh-metz.html Antique Motorcycles: Charles Metz & Waltham Mfg.] Aster built motors based on the revolutionary design of the 1895 French DeDion-Buton motor, which was one of the first mass-production gasoline engines.</ref> and the E. R. Thomas<ref>[http://www.khulsey.com/motorcycles/vintage_e-r-thomas_motorcycle.html Vintage Motorcycles: E. R. Thomas 'Auto-Bi' Motorcycle] The "E.R. Thomas Motor Company" located in Buffalo, New York, was founded by Erwin Ross Thomas in the late 1890s.</ref>) or were never put into production. Or both, e.g. Gottlieb Daimler’s [[Daimler Einspur|Reitwagen]] of 1885 was a one-off test-bed for an experimental engine in a bicycle chassis. The Felix Millet designed 'Motocyclette,' of 1893 used an aviation-style radial five-cylinder engine, but never went into mass-production.<ref>[http://www.khulsey.com/motorcycles/vintage_motorcycle_hildebrand_wolfmueller.html Vintage Motorcycles: Hildebrand & Wolfmüller] The Felix Millet designed 'Motocyclette,' of 1893 used an aviation-style radial five-cylinder engine, but never went into mass-production.</ref> | The Hildebrand & Wolfmüller is credited as the world first because other possible claimants tend to be based on a bicycle chassis (e.g. de Dion-Bouton and Orient Aster,<ref>[http://www.khulsey.com/motorcycles/vintage_motorcycle_marsh-metz.html Antique Motorcycles: Charles Metz & Waltham Mfg.] Aster built motors based on the revolutionary design of the 1895 French DeDion-Buton motor, which was one of the first mass-production gasoline engines.</ref> and the E. R. Thomas<ref>[http://www.khulsey.com/motorcycles/vintage_e-r-thomas_motorcycle.html Vintage Motorcycles: E. R. Thomas 'Auto-Bi' Motorcycle] The "E.R. Thomas Motor Company" located in Buffalo, New York, was founded by Erwin Ross Thomas in the late 1890s.</ref>) or were never put into production. Or both, e.g. Gottlieb Daimler’s [[Daimler Einspur|Reitwagen]] of 1885 was a one-off test-bed for an experimental engine in a bicycle chassis. The Felix Millet designed 'Motocyclette,' of 1893 used an aviation-style radial five-cylinder engine, but never went into mass-production.<ref>[http://www.khulsey.com/motorcycles/vintage_motorcycle_hildebrand_wolfmueller.html Vintage Motorcycles: Hildebrand & Wolfmüller] The Felix Millet designed 'Motocyclette,' of 1893 used an aviation-style radial five-cylinder engine, but never went into mass-production.</ref> | ||
[[Gottlieb Daimler]] is sometimes known as the "Father of the Motorcycle" but supporters of H & M point out that his Einspur " | [[Gottlieb Daimler]] is sometimes known as the "Father of the Motorcycle" but supporters of H & M point out that his Einspur "boneshaker" motor bike was actually a "hybrid" motor-driven bicycle with a wooden bicycle frame, and wooden wheels. | ||
==Mechanical Details== | ==Mechanical Details== | ||
The motorcycle featured a [[water cooling|water-cooled]] engine (the coolant tank/radiator of which is prominent over and around the rear wheel) mounted in a purpose-designed tubular frame. The rear wheel was directly driven from the [[connecting rod]]s (a similar arrangement to that of steam locomotives). There was no [[flywheel]] other than the rear wheel, and it needed heavy rubber bands to provide the return impulse.[[Image:1894 Hildebrand Wolfmuller diagram.png|thumb|left|Diagram of 1894 Hildebrand & Wolfmüller.]] | The motorcycle featured a [[water cooling|water-cooled]] engine (the coolant tank/radiator of which is prominent over and around the rear wheel) mounted in a purpose-designed tubular frame. The rear wheel was directly driven from the [[connecting rod]]s (a similar arrangement to that of steam locomotives). There was no [[flywheel]] other than the rear wheel, and it needed heavy rubber bands to provide the return impulse.[[Image:1894 Hildebrand Wolfmuller diagram.png|thumb|left|Diagram of 1894 Hildebrand & Wolfmüller.]] | ||
The Hildebrand & Wolfmüller patent of 20 January 1894, No. 78553 describes a | The Hildebrand & Wolfmüller patent of 20 January 1894, No. 78553 describes a {{convert|1489|cc|cuin|abbr=on}} [[Straight-two engine|two-cylinder]], [[four-stroke engine]], with a bore and stroke of 90x117mm. It produced 1.9kW @ 240 rpm<ref name=Walker1998/> propelling a weight of 50kg<ref name=Page1924/> up to a maximum speed of 28mph<ref name=Walker1998/>. | ||
Examples exist today in the [[Deutsches Zweirad- und NSU-Museum]] in Neckarsulm, Germany, Science Museum in London, The Henry Ford in Detroit, Michigan, the Wells Auto Museum in Wells, Maine,<ref>[http://www.wellsautomuseum.com/collection.htm Wells Auto Museum] Our Collection.</ref> and the Museum Lalu Lintas in Surabaya, Indonesia. | Examples exist today in the [[Deutsches Zweirad- und NSU-Museum]] in Neckarsulm, Germany, Science Museum in London, The Henry Ford in Detroit, Michigan, the Wells Auto Museum in Wells, Maine,<ref>[http://www.wellsautomuseum.com/collection.htm Wells Auto Museum] Our Collection.</ref> and the Museum Lalu Lintas in Surabaya, Indonesia. | ||