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| {{Infobox Motorcycle
| | #Redirect [[Hildebrand and Wolfmüller]] |
| |name =
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| |image = [[Image:Hildebrand-Wolfmüller 1894.jpg|220px]]
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| |aka =
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| |manufacturer = Hildebrand & Wolfmüller
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| |parent_company =
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| |production = 1894–1897<ref name=Walker1998>{{Citation
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| |last1=Walker |year= 1998 |first1=Mick |title=The Art of the Motorcycle |author2=Guggenheim Museum Staff |editor1-last= Krens |editor1-first= Thomas |editor2-last= Drutt |editor2-first= Matthew |publisher=Harry N. Abrams |isbn=0810969122, 9780810969124 |url=http://books.google.com/books?id=J8pIJQAACAAJ |page=103 }}</ref>
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| |model_year =
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| |predecessor =
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| |successor =
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| |class =
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| |engine = {{convert|1489|cc|cuin|abbr=on}} [[Straight-two engine|two-cylinder]] [[water cooled]] [[Four-stroke engine|four-stroke]], [[surface carburetor]]
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| |bore_stroke = {{convert|90|x|117|mm|in|abbr=on}}
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| |top_speed = {{convert|28|mph|km/h|abbr=on}}<ref name=Walker1998/>
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| |power = {{convert|2.5|bhp|kW|abbr=on}} @ 240 rpm<ref name=Walker1998/>
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| |torque =
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| |ignition = [[Hot tube ignition|Hot tube]]
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| |transmission = Direct drive via [[connecting rod]]s
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| |frame = Steel tubular
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| |suspension =
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| |brakes = spoon brake, friction against front tire
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| |tires = pneumatic, front {{convert|26|in|cm|abbr=on}}, rear {{convert|22|in|cm|abbr=on}}<ref name=Page1924>{{Citation
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| |last= Pagé |first=Victor Wilfred |title=Early Motorcycles: Construction, Operation and Repair
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| |publisher=Dover Books on Transportation |publisher=Dover Publications |year=1924, 2004 reprint |ISBN=0486436713 |pages=23–25 }}</ref>
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| |rake_trail =
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| |wheelbase =
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| |length =
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| |width =
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| |height =
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| |seat_height =
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| |dry_weight = {{convert|110|lb|kg|abbr=on}}<ref name=Page1924/>
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| |wet_weight =
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| |fuel_capacity =
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| |oil_capacity =
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| |fuel_consumption =
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| |turning_radius =
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| |climbing_ability =
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| |related =
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| }}
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| The '''Hildebrand & Wolfmüller''' was the world's first production [[motorcycle]].<ref name=Walker1998/> Heinrich and Wilhelm Hidebrand were steam-engine engineers before Alois Wolfmüller agreed to finance them to produce their internal combustion ''Motorrad'' in Munich in 1894.<ref>[http://www.khulsey.com/motorcycles/vintage_motorcycle_hildebrand_wolfmueller.html Vintage Motorcycles: Hildebrand & Wolfmüller] The Hildebrand & Wolfmüller was the world's first mass-production two-wheeled motor vehicle to be dubbed a "motorcycle," or "motorrad" in German.</ref>
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| ==Alternate claims==
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| The Hildebrand & Wolfmüller is credited as the world first because other possible claimants tend to be based on a bicycle chassis (e.g. de Dion-Bouton and Orient Aster,<ref>[http://www.khulsey.com/motorcycles/vintage_motorcycle_marsh-metz.html Antique Motorcycles: Charles Metz & Waltham Mfg.] Aster built motors based on the revolutionary design of the 1895 French DeDion-Buton motor, which was one of the first mass-production gasoline engines.</ref> and the E. R. Thomas<ref>[http://www.khulsey.com/motorcycles/vintage_e-r-thomas_motorcycle.html Vintage Motorcycles: E. R. Thomas 'Auto-Bi' Motorcycle] The "E.R. Thomas Motor Company" located in Buffalo, New York, was founded by Erwin Ross Thomas in the late 1890s.</ref>) or were never put into production. Or both, e.g. Gottlieb Daimler’s [[Daimler Einspur|Reitwagen]] of 1885 was a one-off test-bed for an experimental engine in a bicycle chassis. The Felix Millet designed 'Motocyclette,' of 1893 used an aviation-style radial five-cylinder engine, but never went into mass-production.<ref>[http://www.khulsey.com/motorcycles/vintage_motorcycle_hildebrand_wolfmueller.html Vintage Motorcycles: Hildebrand & Wolfmüller] The Felix Millet designed 'Motocyclette,' of 1893 used an aviation-style radial five-cylinder engine, but never went into mass-production.</ref>
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| [[Gottlieb Daimler]] is sometimes known as the "Father of the Motorcycle"{{By whom|date=January 2010}} but supporters{{Who|date=January 2010}} of H & M point out that his Einspur "boneshaker" motor bike was actually a "hybrid" motor-driven bicycle with a wooden bicycle frame, and wooden wheels.{{Citation needed|date=January 2010}}
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| ==Mechanical Details==
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| The motorcycle featured a [[water cooling|water-cooled]] engine (the coolant tank/radiator of which is prominent over and around the rear wheel) mounted in a purpose-designed tubular frame. The rear wheel was directly driven from the [[connecting rod]]s (a similar arrangement to that of steam locomotives). There was no [[flywheel]] other than the rear wheel, and it needed heavy rubber bands to provide the return impulse.[[File:1894 Hildebrand & Wolfmüller diagram.png|thumb|left|Diagram of 1894 Hildebrand & Wolfmüller.]]
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| The Hildebrand & Wolfmüller patent of 20 January 1894, No. 78553 describes a {{convert|1489|cc|cuin|abbr=on}} [[Straight-two engine|two-cylinder]], [[four-stroke engine]], with a bore and stroke of 90x117mm. It produced 1.9kW @ 240 rpm<ref name=Walker1998/> propelling a weight of 50kg<ref name=Page1924/> up to a maximum speed of 28mph<ref name=Walker1998/>.
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| Examples exist today in the [[Deutsches Zweirad- und NSU-Museum]] in Neckarsulm, Germany, Science Museum in London, The Henry Ford in Detroit, Michigan, the Wells Auto Museum in [[Wells, Maine]],<ref>[http://www.wellsautomuseum.com/collection.htm Wells Auto Museum] Our Collection.</ref> and the Museum Lalu Lintas in [[Surabaya]], Indonesia.
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| {{clear}}
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| ==Production run==
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| Several hundred examples of this motorcycles were built but with a high initial purchase price and fierce competition from improving designs (this model was entirely "run and jump" with neither clutch nor pedals) it is not thought to have been a great commercial success. The Hildebrand & Wolfmüller factory closed in 1919 after WWI.<ref>[http://www.khulsey.com/motorcycles/vintage_motorcycle_hildebrand_wolfmueller.html Vintage Motorcycles: Hildebrand & Wolfmüller] In total, several hundred Hildebrand & Wolfmüller motorcycles were sold.</ref>
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| == References ==
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| {{reflist|colwidth=30em}}
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| == External links ==
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| *[http://www.khulsey.com/motorcycles/vintage_motorcycle_hildebrand_wolfmueller.html Hildebrand and Wolfmüller restored motorcycle]
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| [[Category:German motorcycles]]
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| [[Category:Motorcycles in The Art of the Motorcycle Exhibition|Hildebrand & Wolfmuller]]
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