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Standards are versatile, general purpose street motorcycles.<ref name=Maher1998>{{cite book |last=Maher|first=Kevin |title=Chilton's Motorcycle Handbook |publisher=[[Haynes Manual|Haynes North America]] |isbn=0801990998 |year=1998 |pages=2.2-2.18 }}</ref> They are recognized primarily by their upright riding position, partway between the reclining posture of the cruisers and the forward leaning sport bikes.<ref name=Domino2009>{{citation |first1= Kevin |last1= Domino |title=The Perfect Motorcycle: How to Choose, Find and Buy the Perfect New Or Used Bike |publisher= 671 Press |location= USA|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=dqralyWDVUkC||year= 2009 |isbn= 0982173334 |pages= 47 }}</ref> Foot pegs are below the rider and handlebars are high enough to not force the rider to reach far forward, placing the shoulders above the hips in a natural position.<ref name=Kresnak2008>{{Citation |last= Kresnak |first=Bill |year=2008 |title= Motorcycling for Dummies|publisher= For Dummies, Wiley Publishing |year = 2008 |isbn= 0470245875 | location= Hoboken, New Jersey |url=http://books.google.com/books?id=ZPgrJByqp4wC |page= 63–64, 66–70, 132–141 }}</ref> Standards are often recommended to beginning motorcyclists due to their flexibility, relatively low cost, and moderate engines.<ref name=Maher1998/> | Standards are versatile, general purpose street motorcycles.<ref name=Maher1998>{{cite book |last=Maher|first=Kevin |title=Chilton's Motorcycle Handbook |publisher=[[Haynes Manual|Haynes North America]] |isbn=0801990998 |year=1998 |pages=2.2-2.18 }}</ref> They are recognized primarily by their upright riding position, partway between the reclining posture of the cruisers and the forward leaning sport bikes.<ref name=Domino2009>{{citation |first1= Kevin |last1= Domino |title=The Perfect Motorcycle: How to Choose, Find and Buy the Perfect New Or Used Bike |publisher= 671 Press |location= USA|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=dqralyWDVUkC||year= 2009 |isbn= 0982173334 |pages= 47 }}</ref> Foot pegs are below the rider and handlebars are high enough to not force the rider to reach far forward, placing the shoulders above the hips in a natural position.<ref name=Kresnak2008>{{Citation |last= Kresnak |first=Bill |year=2008 |title= Motorcycling for Dummies|publisher= For Dummies, Wiley Publishing |year = 2008 |isbn= 0470245875 | location= Hoboken, New Jersey |url=http://books.google.com/books?id=ZPgrJByqp4wC |page= 63–64, 66–70, 132–141 }}</ref> Standards are often recommended to beginning motorcyclists due to their flexibility, relatively low cost, and moderate engines.<ref name=Maher1998/> | ||
Standards usually do not come with fairings or windscreens, or if they have them, they are relatively small.<ref name=Maher1998/> Standard is often a synonym for '''naked bike''', a term that became popular in the 1990s in response to the proliferation of fully-faired sport bikes. The standard seemed to have disappeared, fueling nostalgia for the return of the UJM, or [[Universal Japanese motorcycle]].<ref name=Maher1998/> UJMs were admired for their simplicity, quality and versatility.<ref name=Holmstrom2001>{{Citation|last= Holmstrom |year=2001 |first= Darwin |title=The Complete Idiot's Guide to Motorcycles |edition=2nd |publisher=Alpha Books |isbn=0028642589 |url=http://books.google.com/books?id=p9EyBoTaKy0C |pages=20–21, 33–41, 334–358, 407 }}</ref><ref name=Domino2009/><ref name=Bennett1995>{{citation |title= The Complete Motorcycle Book: A Consumer's Guide |first= Jim |last= Bennett|publisher= Facts on File | Standards usually do not come with fairings or windscreens, or if they have them, they are relatively small.<ref name=Maher1998/> Standard is often a synonym for '''naked bike''', a term that became popular in the 1990s in response to the proliferation of fully-faired sport bikes. The standard seemed to have disappeared, fueling nostalgia for the return of the UJM, or [[Universal Japanese motorcycle]].<ref name=Maher1998/> UJMs were admired for their simplicity, quality and versatility.<ref name=Holmstrom2001>{{Citation|last= Holmstrom |year=2001 |first= Darwin |title=The Complete Idiot's Guide to Motorcycles |edition=2nd |publisher=Alpha Books |isbn=0028642589 |url=http://books.google.com/books?id=p9EyBoTaKy0C |pages=20–21, 33–41, 334–358, 407 }}</ref><ref name=Domino2009/><ref name=Bennett1995>{{citation |title= The Complete Motorcycle Book: A Consumer's Guide |first= Jim |last= Bennett|publisher= Facts on File |year= 1995 |isbn= 0816028990 |pages= 15–16, 19–25}}</ref> Β | ||
'''Muscle bike''' is a nickname for a type, derived from either a standard or sport bike design, that puts a disproportionately high priority on engine power.<ref name=AMA2002a>{{citation |url= http://books.google.com/books?id=8foDAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA34 |title=The Next Wave; The future of motorcycling is on display at Germany's Itermot Show |first=Bill |last = Stermer |pages=32–35, 55 | date=December 2002 |magazine=[[American Motorcyclist]] |publisher=[[American Motorcyclist Association]] |accessdate=2010-06-04 }}</ref><ref name=AMA1993>{{citation |url= http://books.google.com/books?id=NfcDAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA26 |title=Monster Ducati |page=29 |date=February 1993 |magazine=[[American Motorcyclist]] |publisher=[[American Motorcyclist Association]] |accessdate=2010-06-04 }}</ref><ref name=Maher1998/> | '''Muscle bike''' is a nickname for a type, derived from either a standard or sport bike design, that puts a disproportionately high priority on engine power.<ref name=AMA2002a>{{citation |url= http://books.google.com/books?id=8foDAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA34 |title=The Next Wave; The future of motorcycling is on display at Germany's Itermot Show |first=Bill |last = Stermer |pages=32–35, 55 | date=December 2002 |magazine=[[American Motorcyclist]] |publisher=[[American Motorcyclist Association]] |accessdate=2010-06-04 }}</ref><ref name=AMA1993>{{citation |url= http://books.google.com/books?id=NfcDAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA26 |title=Monster Ducati |page=29 |date=February 1993 |magazine=[[American Motorcyclist]] |publisher=[[American Motorcyclist Association]] |accessdate=2010-06-04 }}</ref><ref name=Maher1998/> | ||